CWNA Summary Notes: Legacy 802.11 Security | Legacy Authentication

Legacy Authentication Legacy authentication methods were more of an authentication of capability (verification between two devices that they were valid 802.11 devices) and not so much an authentication of user identity. They are of two types: Open System Authentication It provides authentication without performing any form of user verification Involved a 2 way exchange between … Continue reading CWNA Summary Notes: Legacy 802.11 Security | Legacy Authentication →

CWNA Summary Notes: 802.11 Network Security Architecture

Components of a Secure Network Required components when securing a network are: Data Privacy and Integrity Access to Wireless medium is unrestricted hence the use of cipher encryption technologies is needed for proper data privacy. A cipher is an algorithm that is used to perform encryption: RC4 algorithm ( Ron's Code / Rivest Cipher) It encrypts … Continue reading CWNA Summary Notes: 802.11 Network Security Architecture →

CCIE version 3.0 Wireless Summary Notes 1 : IEEE 802.11 Primary MAC Layer Functions Part 2

Connectivity To connect, the client must go through the following: Scanning for networks Includes passive or active scanning mode (or both). Many vendors use both. Passive scanning: Client tunes to each channel, listens for a period of time, and monitors 802.11 beacon frames (AP transmits beacons by default every 100 milliseconds on a specific RF) Client records the RSS … Continue reading CCIE version 3.0 Wireless Summary Notes 1 : IEEE 802.11 Primary MAC Layer Functions Part 2 →

June study update

Most may have noticed a huge gap from January and that the Mobility summary notes are incomplete yet I have jumped straight to listing some CCIE Wireless v3 notes. This does not mean that I have stopped my incomplete CCNP Wireless Journey. In January, I noticed that I was rather behind schedule and decided that … Continue reading June study update →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 6 : Location Tracking Techniques – Pattern Recognition

This technique is based on sampling and recording radio signal behaviour patterns in specific areas. Commercial solutions usually base the signature on RSSI but it can also use ToA, AoA and TDoA based RF signatures. Deployment of these systems is based on 2 phases: Calibration phase A walk around is done with a mobile device … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 6 : Location Tracking Techniques – Pattern Recognition →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 5 : Location Tracking Techniques – Angulation (AoA / DoA)

Angulation (Angle-Based) Techniques Localization is based on the angle of the received signal. Angle of Arrival (AoA) / Direction of Arrival (DoA) AoA determines the angle of Incidence at which signals arrive at the receiving sensor. This angle is used to estimate the location of the device using the intersection of the two lines of … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 5 : Location Tracking Techniques – Angulation (AoA / DoA) →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 4 : Location Tracking Techniques – Lateration (RSS)

Received Signal Strength (RSS) Localization is based on the received signal strength. The RSS is measured either by the mobile device or by the receiving sensor. The following information is needed to calculate the distance between the sensor and the device: Transmitter output power Cable losses Antenna gain Path loss model(PL) A common PL model … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 4 : Location Tracking Techniques – Lateration (RSS) →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 3 : Location Tracking Techniques – Lateration (ToA and TDoA)

Distance-Based (Lateration) Techniques The tracking position is determined based on distance. The distance can be measured in three different ways: Using Time of Arrival (ToA) Using Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) Using Received Signal Strength In ToA and TDoA, localization is based on propagation time, whereas for RSS systems, propagation is based on signal strength. … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 3 : Location Tracking Techniques – Lateration (ToA and TDoA) →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 2 : Location Tracking Techniques – Cell of Origin

Tracking systems are classified by the measurement technique that they use. Real Time Location Systems (RTLS) are grouped into the following: Cell of Origin ( Nearest Cell) Lateration ( depending on Distance) Angulation (depending on the angle) Location patterning ( pattern recognition) Cell of Origin The tracking position is based on proximity and is determined … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 2 : Location Tracking Techniques – Cell of Origin →

CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 1 : Introduction to Location-Based Services

Advantages of Location-based services. Location-based services helps us to: Effectively locate assets and personnel. Improve productivity by locating effectively. Reduce unauthorized removal of assets and, thus, helps reduce losses. Improve customer satisfaction Improve WLAN planning and tuning Coordinate device location with Security policy enforcement Determine rogue device location Monitor health and status of key assets. … Continue reading CCNP Wireless 642-747 IUWMS Summary Notes 1 : Introduction to Location-Based Services →