Switches do not actively participate in the exchange of frames. The APs however are active participants. a client must join or associate  with a specific wireless network by first getting permission from the AP. Then the client must send and receive every frame through the AP or coordinate with the AP for direct  client-to-client communication to … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding 802.11 Frame Types →

AP Cell Size is known as the Basic Service Area. Cell size can be controlled by changing the following parameters: AP Transmit power (Increase signal strength of AP). Most APs are set to transmit within government regulations which limit the effective isotropic radiated  power (EIRP) to a maximum transmit power level of 20 dBm (100 mW). … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Planning Coverage with Wireless APs →

APs bridge wireless data from the air to normal wired network. Autonomous APs have both wired and wireless hardware so that wireless client associations can be locally terminated onto a wired connection. the AP is in charge of  mapping a service set identifier (SSID) to a VLAN, or in 802.11 terms, mapping a basic service set (BSS) … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding Autonomous APs →

AP traffic is divided into the following: Data Plane traffic - end user traffic Control Plane traffic - control, configure, manage, and monitor the AP Recall that autonomous APs bridge traffic between a wireless BSS and a wired VLAN. An Autonomous AP performs the following combined functions Lightweight AP functions (Real Time functions) RF Transmit/Receive MAC … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding the CUWN Architecture →

Process of discovering a controller AP state machine (sequence of states that the AP undergoes following bootup) AP boots on a small IOS, gets IP via DHCP and communicates through the network. AP tries to discovertheWLC. Discovery methods in order of sequence followed Local subnet broadcast. AP sends a unicast CAPWAP Discovery Request or broadcast … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding Controller Discovery →

Roaming with Autonomous APs Moving from one autonomous AP  to another autonomous AP Intracontroller Roaming: Moving from one lightweight AP that is connected to a WLC to another AP that is connected to the same WLC. Controller updates its client association table Takes less than 10 ms Client has no knowledge of what is happening. … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding Roaming →

Data Rates Initial IEEE requirements are as follows - which are configured by default on WLC: For 2.4 GHz, the 1-, 2-, 5.5-,and 11-Mbps rates are all marked as mandatory ( Must sopport all possible modulations in 802.1b) For 5-GHz band, the 6-, 12-, and 24-Mbps rates are marked as mandatory Enable 802.11a - 5GHz Enable 802.11b - … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Understanding Radio Resource Management (RRM) →

Wireless Privacy and Integrity Methods WEP deprecated Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) Developed by 802.11i working group and the Wi-Fi Alliance Adds following features to legacy hardware with WEP MIC — Algorithm that adds a hash value to each frame as a message integrity check to prevent tamperin Time stamp —Added into the MIC to prevent replay … Continue reading CCNA Wireless Summary Notes: Wireless Security Fundamentals – Part 2 →